Long Term Outcomes

Serious adverse outcomes following hip fractures include mortality, debility requiring institutional care, and destitution (poverty) sufficient to qualify for Medicaid enrollment. In a recent study of Medicare beneficiaries, the population age 65 years and older, individuals experiencing hip fracture had more than double the risk of death, an almost four-fold increased risk of becoming a nursing home resident, and more than double the risk of enrolling in Medicaid within one year of the fracture.1 (Reference Table 5.7 PDF [1] CSV [2])

Two recent studies of the Medicare population support a significant decline in mortality from hip fractures in recent years, with reported mortality rates of 22%2 and 30%3 in the first year following fracture. However, hip fracture remains a major mortality risk 2- to 8-fold higher than non-hip-fracture matched controls.3

• 1. Tajeu GS, Delzell E, Smith W, et al.: Death, debility, and destitution following hip fracture. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2014 Mar;69(3):346-353. PMID: 23873945
• 2. Lo JC, Srinivasan S, Chandra M: Trends in mortality following  hip fracture in older women. Am J Manag Care 2015;21(3):e206-e214. Published online: April 15, 2015.
• 3. a. b. Brauer CA, Coca-Perraillon M, Cutler DM, Rosen AB: Incidence and mortality of hip fractures in the United States. JAMA 2009;302(14):1573-1579. doi: 10.1001/jama.2009.1462.